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A sherpa〔http://club.bruxelles2.eu/les-conclusions-du-sommet-premiere-analyse/ Analyse par Nicolas Gros-Verheyde auteur du blog Bruxelles2 (B2), Bruxelles2.eu et de Bruxelles2 - Le Club (Club de B2) suite au sommet européen concernant la situation Ukraine-Russie〕 is the personal representative of a head of state or government who prepares an international summit, particularly the annual G8 Summit. Between the G8 summits there are multiple sherpa conferences where possible agreements are laid out. This reduces the amount of time and resources required at the negotiations of the heads of state at the final summit. The name sherpa—without further context—refers to sherpas for the G8 summit but the designation can be spread for different regular conferences where the participation of the respective head of state is required. The sherpa is generally quite influential, although they generally lack the authority to independently make the final decision about any given agreement. The name is derived from the Sherpa people, a Nepalese ethnic group, who serve as guides and porters in the Himalayas, a reference to the fact that the sherpa clears the way for a head of state at a major summit. The name was originally of informal usage in between the states of the European Union where personal representatives prepare work for the Intergovernmental Conference (IGC) meetings. While the position of a chief negotiator can be traced back under varying names to the first days of the European Union process the name has caught on as an official reference just lately on the designation of a high profile group on competition regulation in the European chemistry that names officially a "Sherpa-Subgroup".〔European Union, L 156/34, 16. June 2007, Articles 4, 5 and 6)〕〔(L 156/34 (2007/418/EC): "setting up the High Level Group on the Competitiveness of the Chemicals Industry in the European Union" ), Commission Decision of 14 June 2007, Official Journal of the European Union of 16 June 2007〕〔also earlier in L 36/43, 23. December 2005, Articles 3 and 4.〕〔(L 36/43 (2006/77/EC) "setting up a High Level Group on Competitiveness, Energy and the Environment" ), Commission Decision of 23 December 2005, Official Journal of the European Union of 8 February 2006〕 ==Examples== * In France, Paul Jean-Ortiz ''fr'' is a G8 sherpa. Previous French sherpas include Jacques Attali, Anne Lauvergeon, Jean-Marc de La Sablière, Maurice Gourdault-Montagne, Jean-David Levitte; Pascal Lamy was a sherpa on the European Commission (representing Jacques Delors). * In Germany, the canonic name of ''Chefunterhändler'' (chief negotiator) is a common second title to another high profile position. The Bernd Pfaffenbach did hold this position since 2004 being also secretary of state in the Ministry of Economics (since 2005). The title was held before by Horst Köhler (former President of Germany) and Hans Tietmeyer (became later the President of the Deutsche Bundesbank). Since December 2009 the position of G8-Sherpa is held by Jens Weidmann who has been sherpa to the G20 summits before.〔(Spiegel Online: "Merkel beruft neuen Super-Sherpa" )〕 * In Italy, Giampiero Massolo is Sherpa for the G8 since 1 April 2008 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sherpa (emissary)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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